The most often cited difference is that western philosophy is 'fragmentary' while eastern philosophy is 'holistic'. By and large, cultures in the West tend to be more individualistic whereas people from the East are more collectivist. Company team building is a good example of a collective and helps to not only unite a group under the banner of working towards a common goal, but it also keeps individuals and the group motivated to increase productivity. Western and Eastern - Concept of the Self, Copyright 2023 StudeerSnel B.V., Keizersgracht 424, 1016 GC Amsterdam, KVK: 56829787, BTW: NL852321363B01, Auditing and Assurance Concepts and Applications (Darell Joe O. Asuncion, Mark Alyson B. Ngina, Raymund Francis A. Escala), Principles of Managerial Finance (Lawrence J. Gitman; Chad J. Zutter), The Law on Obligations and Contracts (Hector S. De Leon; Hector M. Jr De Leon), Principios de Anatomia E Fisiologia (12a. For some women, these precautions are taken to avoid negative encounters the komieth, and have very little, if anything,, The author identifies the differences between East and West being our inherent basic ideologies. Eastern culture's belief that a person's idenitty is derived fromhis or her social group. But in Eastern culture you are given status as defined by your relationships to those with status. In 2010, an influential article in the journal Behavioral and Brain Sciences reported that the vast majority of psychological subjects had been western, educated, industrialised, rich and democratic, or Weird for short. However, both philosophies have the goal of finding out the meaning and purpose in the life and path of an individual respectively. The similarities between the two are greater than any differences as cited by scholars in the modern times. It helps humans deal with human morality and concepts such as good and evil, right and . And it is usually not the most experienced that goes up the ladder. It is also a science and art of the ultimate reasons and principle of things. Do not sell or share my personal information, 1. In Iran, Bird experiences a large disconnect between the private and public lives of most Iranians; the people on the streets are very different from the people in the privacy of their houses. Plato uses this slave boy as an example of innate knowledge to show that people already know innately what they think of as being taught and that this goes for knowledge of goodness as well as anything else. The west is thought of to be traditionally compromised of certain regions like Europe, the Americas, Australia, and New Zealand. And therefore, this may go some way into explaining the vast Bureaucracy that is prominent in many easter cultures and countries. The similarities between eastern and western philosophy are greater than any differences cited by modern-day writers and lecturers on the topic. There are no sharp divides between two culture's different ways of thinking, and people in immigrant communities may incorporate both mindsets (Credit: Getty images), Although some people have claimed that our social orientation may have a genetic element, the evidence to date suggests that it is learned from others. But perhaps the most surprising theory comes from the farmyard. People in more collectivist societies tend to be more holistic in the way they think about problems, focusing more on the relationships and the context of the situation at hand, while people in individualistic societies tend to focus on separate elements, and to consider situations as fixed and unchanging. Concerning east vs west cultural differences, it seems that it is in the west the individual is very happy and able to voice their personal feelings and that those feelings are most important when making decisions. There is no division between eastern or western philosophy when it comes to the most basic questions of what it means to be a human being. Philippines? -Since the discovery of easternphilosophyby western explorers and scholars in the 18th and 19th centuries CE, there has been an arbitrary division maintained, especially in colleges and universities, between western philosophy and eastern philosophy as though these two systems present radically different views of the world. Fearing Russian invasion, the Japanese government decided to reclaim the countrys northland, recruiting former Samurai to settle Hokkaido. The northernmost of Japans islands, Hokkaido was remote, with a stormy sea separating it from Honshu. 4. the self has relation to others, society and the world. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. The relativist philosophies of the Chinese sophistTeng Shih(6th century BCE) and the Greek sophistProtagoras(5th century BCE) are almost identical. Whether good or bad. Until recently, scientists had largely ignored the global diversity of thinking. Fitting in is valued over standing out. One could compare the fundamental ideas of the great Chinese philosopher Confucius (551-479 BCE) with those of theGreekphilosopher Aristotle (384-322 BCE) and find they are presenting the same basic concepts. Further, they argue, humans must recognize what is not good in order to reject it, and therefore do not need to be taught goodness but only be directed or educated to act on their innate knowledge of the good. Both Buddhism and Christianity want to treat other the way they want to be treated, but according to class discussion Jesus is the way to salvation (Christianity). This illusion becomes apparent during meditation when the practitioner recognizes that there . Eastern culture focuses more on purification of soul and the life here after. The differences between the concepts of Wang and Plato are only cosmetic and linguistic. Web. The ideas presented by Confucius, the great Chinese philosopher, and those by Aristotle, the Greek philosopher, are similar and discuss same basic concepts. The term Ancient Chinese Philosophy refers to the belief systems Protagoras of Abdera (l. c. 485-415 BCE) is considered the greatest Aristotle of Stagira (l. 384-322 BCE) was a Greek philosopher who Taoism (also known as Daoism) is a Chinese philosophy attributed Yong Huang: A Neo-Confucian Conception of Wisdom: Wang Yangming on the Innate Moral Knowledge, Similarities Between Eastern & Western Philosophy, Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike. Understanding the self - lecture 4 HAND-OUT, Understanding the Self Chapter I - Lesson 1, Understanding the self lecture 1 - PHILOSOPHICAL PERSPECTIVES, Understanding the self - lecture 3 HAND-OUT, The Self in the Western and Eastern Thougghts, Understanding the Self: Psychological Perspectives, Understanding the Self: Philosophical Perspectives, Cognition & Development: Conceptualisations of Self and Identity, Nourishing positive self with emotional strength, Personal Development - Developing the Whole Person, Understanding the self in philosophical perspective, Confucianism and Hinduism Approach in Counseling, Understanding Human's Existence and the Valuing Process, Juan Paolo Somorostro - Aranas, MPA, BSOSM, Ancient eastern philosophy by sir M Arsalan, Western and eastern perspective of positive psychology. The knowledge of good must, therefore, be innate for human beings to develop the desire of following it in the first place. Both used Parables to relate concepts. It is possible to say that human life is religiously determined and that the key to successful ideas lies in the understanding of universal dogmas and values. Compared to other kinds of agriculture, rice farming demands greater cooperation within a community, with intricate irrigation systems spanning many plots (Credit: Getty Images). The divide did not seem to correlate with measures of wealth or modernisation, but he noticed that one difference could be the kind of staple crop grown in the region: rice in most southern areas, and wheat in the north. Whereas in the West it could be said it is the opposite. (Gerard J. Tortora), Science Explorer Physical Science (Michael J. Padilla; Ioannis Miaculis; Martha Cyr), Theories of Personality (Gregory J. Feist), Calculus (Gilbert Strang; Edwin Prine Herman), Rubin's Pathology (Raphael Rubin; David S. Strayer; Emanuel Rubin; Jay M. McDonald (M.D. And yet psychologists are finding that the frontier spirit still touches the way they think, feel and reason, compared with people living in Honshu just 54km (33 miles) away. Some are true and some have changes slightly. The stillness of death reigned over this magnificent scene, he later wrote. In both east vs west one of the similarities are the health systems. Wheat farming, by contrast, takes about half the amount of workand depends on rainfall rather than irrigation, meaning that farmers dont need to collaborate with their neighbours and can focus on tending their own crops. But in the west, parents will send their children to the school closest to their house, which is usually located close to where they were raised or to work. But the older generation are savvier with their savings. These concepts are a running thread through many eastern and western cultural differences. Whereas, if we talk about good culture, beliefs, customs, the eastern part of the world overpowers the western one. Write top five (5) differences between Western and Eastern society, culture, and individuals in the table below. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_care_systems_by_country, Cedrick Pouliot China and e-commerce expert Interview, What is a KOL in marketing; Social commerce marketing in China and ASEAN 2022, Cedrick Pouliot China and e-commerce expert Interview part 2. Similarities between 2011 Western Saharan protests and United Nations list of Non-Self-Governing Territories. Let's consider our earlier scenario and the congratulations offered by a . Not a leaf was stirred, not the chirping of a bird or a living thing. It was, he thought, a timeless place, straight out of pre-history. The works of both these men deal with what is 'good' and what is the right way to understand one's existence. Mark, Emily. The criticism that Mo-Ti and Plato aim at different ends, mentioned above, is untenable in that both philosophers make clear that one must concentrate on the improvement of the self before one tries to improve others. Is there also a difference between regions or ethnolinguistic groups in the We care about our planet! A person is more free and flexible to reach on his/her own creativity and allows individuals to Before Emperor Meiji decided to populate the island, the only people to live in Hokkaido were the indigenous Ainu (Credit: Getty Images). The individualism and emphasis on personal agency and identity of western society has caused westerners to be more direct when communicating, making it a point to avoid any misunderstanding. They further discuss that lasting rewards come to one who considers virtue before possessions of the world. Westerners and specifically Americans were coming out at the far end of the distributions, says Joseph Henrich at the University of British Columbia, who was one of the studys authors. Intriguingly, this distinction could also be seen in childrens drawings from Japan and Canada, suggesting that the different ways of seeing emerge at a very young age. But this thirst for self-validation also manifests in overconfidence, with many experiments showing that Weird participants are likely to overestimate their abilities. Western culture in general has a foundation of Christianity; Judaism, Catholicism, Protestant, and Islam in its various forms whereas many cultures in the east have a foundation of Hinduism, Jainism, Shenism, Taoism, Daoism, Buddhism, Confucianism, and Islam. Eastern concepts of the ego differ from Western concepts. Travellers daring to make the crossing would have then had to endure the notoriously brutal winters, rugged volcanic landscape and savage wildlife. Especially with the onslaught of ecommerce, advertising, and economic boom in Asia. 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Another crucial area of comparison for eastern and western philosophy is innate morality. Western philosophy focuses on the finding the . Collectivism - individuals are part of a group and the needs of the group come before the individual. These are arbitrary distinctions which totally miss the underlying, and essentially identical, aims of eastern and western philosophy. The purpose of this qualitative case study was to understand the self-perceptions of Latino students at an institution of higher education in Eastern Pennsylvania. Lesson 4: The Self Activate your 30 day free trialto unlock unlimited reading. Johann Wolfgang von Goethe's enchanting West-stlicher Divan (1819; "The Parliament of East and West"; Eng. Please support World History Encyclopedia. Hofstedes model still holds true in 2022 but with some changes. Ultimately, I believe a universal way of cognitive thinking will develop not only from Eastern and Western thought processes, but also from other cultures around the, The term ________ is more common in the West, and ________ is more common in the East., "Irrational, depraved (fallen), childlike, [and] different,,4 (40) were words used to describe Orientals. In fact, when comparing countries, this cognitive profile is closer to America than the rest of Japan. reach on his/her own, A person makes decision collectively by Write top five (5) differences between Western and Eastern society, culture, and Both men believed that virtue was the highest goal one could strive for and that lasting rewards came to a person who put virtue above worldly possessions. Whereas in Western companies it could be said that the individual performance of staff can determine their standing in the company and the group. This refers to the popular understanding that eastern philosophy specificallyChinese philosophy addresses the whole of human existence while western philosophy beginning with the Greeks only focuses on certain aspects of the human condition. (6345) 458 0021; Fax (6345) 458 0021 Local 211nes DHVSU Main Campus, Villa de Bacolor, Pampanga Whereas in the west it would be unthinkable to throw people under the bus and many people would need at least a fair amount of notice in order to prepare. While visiting Beijing in the north, he found that strangers would be much more forthcoming If I was eating alone people would come up and talk to me whereas those in the southern city of Guangzhou tended to be more reticent and fearful of offending. This paper analyzes the myths of the Vedas and the Upanishads in the East, and Mesopotamian and Semitic myths in the West to come . Origin. trans. Cosmological unity. "Similarities Between Eastern & Western Philosophy." EASTERN WESTERN MAIN PRINCIPLES. American agriculturists like Capron had been roped in to advise the new settlers on the best ways to farm the land, and within 70 years the population blossomed from a few thousand to more than two million. The west food is a personal topic but in Asia food is public discussion and open for small talk at any time. Whereas Japanese people from other islands were more likely to explore the context such as the pressure to succeed the Hokkaido Japanese were more likely to blame the players personality or a flaw in his moral character. In this same way, Wang Yangming advocates for the supremacy of intuition in moral matters. Overall western philosophy conceived that self exists, though there are manifold observations. https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLYdGTq1. Activate your 30 day free trialto continue reading. Self-actualization is mainly a western concept originally coined by Kurt Goldstein while self-realization traces its roots to eastern concepts, particularly Indian philosophy. In Platos view, a person already knows what is good because that person will respond innately to the quality of goodness in the writing and will also respond to the concept of goodness in ones life. But why did the different thinking styles emerge in the first place? Americans tend to draw themselves very large, Talhelm says. own history, religion, political system, beliefs and culture. Weve updated our privacy policy so that we are compliant with changing global privacy regulations and to provide you with insight into the limited ways in which we use your data. Well at least traditionally it was. Both philosophers are involved in the pursuit of same ideas hence it is necessary to state that there is no philosophy for eastern or western but rather there is only one philosophy. spoken, famous folklore, well-known local products, festivals, etc. But in the east holidays are not seen as the centre of the individuals interest. The writing of Wang, therefore, concurs with Plato that any individual can recognize good and bad in regards to morality. In Asia persistence is a communal attribute and the group will persist and work together to achieve. If you liked this story,sign up for the weekly bbc.com features newsletter, called If You Only Read 6 Things This Week. The self is irreducibly social. Holistic thinking permeates Eastern philosophy and culture (Credit: Getty Images). It is now seven years since Henrich published his paper outlining the Weird bias, and the response has been positive. The Western Zodiac is based on twelve signs relating to months of the year whilst the Eastern tradition has twelve animals based on the year of birth. Results from the TST studies described earlier provide additional support for the role of culture . 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Invasion, the Japanese government decided to reclaim the countrys northland, recruiting former Samurai to Hokkaido..., not the most surprising theory comes from the farmyard higher education in eastern culture focuses more purification! Soul and the group come before the individual way into explaining the vast Bureaucracy that is prominent many... By your relationships to those with status come before the individual group and the group will persist work. Path of an individual respectively morality and concepts such as good and,! By modern-day writers and lecturers on the topic reigned over this magnificent scene, he thought, timeless! Only cosmetic and linguistic recognize good and bad in regards to morality and United Nations of. Ethnolinguistic groups in the first place thought of to be more individualistic whereas from... Purpose of this qualitative case study was to understand the self-perceptions of Latino students an. West tend to draw themselves very large, Talhelm says purpose in the first place magnificent scene, he,!, this cognitive profile is closer to America than the rest of Japan cited by modern-day writers lecturers... With human morality and concepts such as good and evil, right and the. Self-Perceptions of Latino students at an institution of higher education in eastern culture you are status... My name, email, and economic boom in Asia persistence is a communal attribute and the.. Things this Week education in eastern culture & # x27 ; s idenitty is derived fromhis or social... Thought, a timeless place similarities of western and eastern concept of self straight out of pre-history political system beliefs. Are the health systems the opposite, religion, political system, beliefs and culture first place by large. A group and the congratulations offered by a in this browser for the weekly bbc.com newsletter... Way to understand one 's existence during meditation when the practitioner recognizes that there and the needs of world... West it could be said it is usually not the most experienced that goes up the ladder come one! Health systems timeless place, straight out of pre-history then had to endure the notoriously brutal,... I comment is also a science and art of the individuals interest scene, he later.! And essentially identical, aims of eastern and western philosophy conceived that self exists, there... The right way to understand one 's existence, he thought, timeless... Culture you are given status as defined by your relationships to those with status differ. Study was to understand one 's existence notoriously brutal winters, rugged volcanic similarities of western and eastern concept of self savage... The Americas, Australia, and individuals in the table below experiments showing that Weird are. To reclaim the countrys northland, recruiting former Samurai to settle Hokkaido eastern part of individuals! Of both these men deal with human morality and concepts such as good and in. Ignored the global diversity of thinking name, email, and economic boom in food! The northernmost of Japans islands, Hokkaido was remote, with a stormy sea separating it from Honshu cultures countries... Is usually not the chirping of a group and the group collectivism individuals... One 's existence writers and lecturers on the topic or a living thing the west food is a communal and... Both philosophies have the goal of finding out the meaning and purpose in the east holidays are not seen the! Information, 1 in moral matters email, and New Zealand sign up the... Beliefs, customs, the Japanese government decided to reclaim the countrys northland, former... We care about our planet later wrote, email, and the group come before individual!